Recognition & Protective Gear
Before providing first aid, assess the scene, identify immediate hazards, and determine whether it is safe to approach. Do not enter a dangerous environment that could result in additional injuries.
Initial Assessment
When approaching an injured or ill person:
- Ensure scene safety
- Use appropriate personal protective equipment
- Check responsiveness
- Check for normal breathing
- Look for severe bleeding or other immediate life threats
- Call 911 when necessary
- Provide appropriate first aid
If the person is unresponsive and is not breathing normally or is only gasping, begin CPR according to your training.
Personal Protective Equipment
Personal protective equipment, or PPE, helps reduce contact with blood, body fluids, chemicals, and other hazards.
Depending on the situation, PPE may include:
- Disposable gloves
- Eye protection
- Face protection
- Protective clothing
- CPR barrier devices
Gloves
Wear disposable gloves when blood, body fluids, open wounds, or contaminated materials may be present. Replace gloves if they become torn or damaged. Remove gloves carefully after care and perform hand hygiene.
Protect Yourself First
Your safety remains the first priority. Do not place yourself in danger from:
- Traffic
- Fire or smoke
- Electricity
- Chemicals
- Violence
- Unstable structures
- Environmental hazards
Move an injured person only when necessary for safety or when required to provide lifesaving care.