CPR + First Aid + BBP Certification Manual: Transmission
- 1. CPR Introduction
- 2. Recognizing Cardiac Arrest
- 3. Positioning & Pulse Check
- 4. Compressions for Adults
- 5. Compressions for Infants & Children
- 6. Ventilation Equipment
- 7. Ventilations for Adults
- 8. Ventilations for Infants & Children
- 9. AED Usage
- 10. AED Special Circumstances
- 11. Common CPR Mistakes
- 12. CPR Conclusion
- 13. First Aid Introduction
- 14. Get to Know Your First Aid Kit
- 15. Recognition & Protective Gear
- 16. Medical Emergencies
- 17. Medical Emergencies II
- 18. Trauma Emergencies
- 19. Trauma Emergencies II
- 20. Choking
- 21. Choking Procedures for Adults & Children
- 22. Choking Procedures for Infants
- 23. Aftercare
- 24. Common First Aid Mistakes
- 25. First Aid Conclusion
- 26. Bloodborne Pathogens Introduction
- 27. Protection from Pathogens
- 28. Protective Gear
- 29. Transmission
- 30. Exposure
- 31. Cleaning Exposed Areas
- 32. Reporting an Incident
- 33. Common BBP Mistakes
- 34. Bloodborne Pathogens Conclusion
- MyCPR Now™ Glossary
Bloodborne Pathogen Transmission
Bloodborne pathogens are transmitted when infectious blood or certain other potentially infectious materials enter another person's body through a route capable of transmitting infection. Simply being near another person does not constitute bloodborne pathogen exposure.
Common Routes of Exposure
Potential routes include:
- Needlesticks or injuries from contaminated sharps
- Blood contacting broken or damaged skin
- Blood splashing into the eyes, nose, or mouth
- Blood entering an open wound
- Contact with certain other potentially infectious materials through an appropriate exposure route
Other potentially infectious materials, or OPIM, includes body fluids such as synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, and amniotic fluid, along with any fluid visibly contaminated with blood.
Sharps Injuries
Needles, lancets, broken glass, and other objects capable of puncturing the skin may create an exposure risk when contaminated with blood. Never intentionally handle contaminated sharps in a way that places your hands in the path of the sharp end. Do not bend, break, or recap contaminated needles before disposal — doing so increases the risk of an accidental injury. Dispose of contaminated sharps in the designated puncture-resistant container.
Mucous Membrane Exposure
The eyes, nose, and mouth can provide a route for infectious material to enter the body. Use appropriate eye and face protection when splashing or spraying is reasonably anticipated.
Non-Intact Skin
Cuts, abrasions, dermatitis, cracked skin, and other damaged areas can increase the possibility of exposure. Cover non-intact skin when possible before performing tasks that may involve blood or potentially infectious materials.
Materials That Do Not Automatically Create Exposure
Many body fluids do not normally transmit bloodborne pathogens unless they contain visible blood or meet the definition of another potentially infectious material. Casual contact such as touching intact skin, sharing a room, talking, or working near another person does not transmit bloodborne pathogens.
Preventing Transmission
Reduce transmission risk by:
- Using universal precautions
- Wearing appropriate PPE
- Practicing hand hygiene
- Handling sharps safely
- Cleaning contaminated surfaces appropriately
- Avoiding direct contact with blood
- Reporting possible exposures promptly